中药材中的皂苷类成分广泛分布于自然界,并具有抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、降低血糖、降低胆固 醇等多种药理作用。 通过查阅有关中药材中皂苷提取的文献,总结出现行的皂苷提取方法有:浸渍法,渗漉法, 回流法,有机溶剂提取法,发酵法,酶解法,水解原位萃取法,近临界水解法,超声提取法,微波提取法,超临界流 体萃取法。 本文详细介绍了中药材皂苷的各种提取方法,并进行了比较和优选,旨在确定中药材皂苷的最佳提 取方法与工艺,为中药材皂苷的开发利用提供一定的科学依据。

The saponin in Chinese herbal medicine is widely distributed in nature,and has many pharmacological effects which are antiinflammatory,antibacterial,antivirus,antitumor,and can reduce blood sugar, lower cholesterol and so on. By consulting the literature about extracting saponin in Chinese herbal medicine,the writer summed up the current extracting methods of saponin and they are: Impregnation method, Percolation method, Reflux method, Organic solvent extraction method, Fermentation method,Enzymatic method,Hydrolysis in situ extraction method,Near critical hydrolysis method, Ultrasonic extraction method, Microwave extraction method, Supercritical fluid extraction method. In this paper,every extraction method of saponin in Chinese herbal medicine is introduced, compared and preferred in detail,in order to determine the best extraction methods and technologies of saponin in Chinese herbal medicine,thus providing some scientific bases for the development and use of saponin in Chinese herbal medicine.

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