[关键词]
[摘要]
目的:探讨内蒙地区60岁以上的老年人的泌尿系感染的细菌分布情况以及抗生素耐药情况,用于
指导临床的合理用药。方法:回顾分析了内蒙古医科大学附属医院2010-01~2012-12底的60岁以上泌尿系
感染的病人的标本409例,细菌鉴定及药敏试验采用VITEK2全自动细菌生化分析仪根据CLSI(2010)年标准,
利用WHONET软件分析病原菌的分布及耐药情况。结果:分离出致病菌313株致病菌,其中大肠杆菌126例,
占40.3%。铜绿假单胞菌89株,占28.4%。鲍曼不动杆菌分离出37株,占11.8%。金黄色葡萄球菌分离出26
株,占8.3%对大肠杆菌进行了18种药物敏感的试验,其中亚胺培南100%的敏感,一、二、三四代头孢敏感性在
55%以上,四代头孢敏感性76.3%,加酶抑制剂的抗生素哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感性91.7%。喹诺酮类抗生素对
革兰氏阴性杆菌的耐药率超过60%。结论:60岁以上的老年人的泌尿系感染多为大肠杆菌,临床医师应该结合
老年人的理状况合理选择抗生素,减少耐药株的出现。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Abstract:Objective:To analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and their susceptibility
to antimicrobial drugs in clinical cases with urinary tract infection in elderly patients and to
guide clinically the selection of the reasonable antibiotics.Methods:A retrospective analysis was
performed on about 409samples from January 2010to December 2012in the Affiliated Hospital
Inner Mongolia Medical University.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by
VITEK2compact.The susceptibility resistance and intermediate were analyzed according to
standards of CLSI(2010).WHONET soft ware was used to analyze the data.Results:A total of
313bacterial isolates were collected.313bacteria were isloated,including E.coli 126cases
(40.3%),pseudomonas aeruginosa 89cases(28.4%).Acinetobacter baumannii isolated 37cases(
11.8%),staphylococcus aureus was isolated 26cases(8.3%)。E.coli were analyzed with
18drug-sensitive test,100%of which are sensitive to imipenem.The sensitivity of the Firstgeneration cephalosporins,the second generation cephalosporins,the third generation cephalsporins
and the fouth generation ccephalsporins were all above 55%.The sensitivity of the
fouth generation ccephalsporins were 76.3%.The sensitivity about the antibiotic piperacillin/
tazobactam with enzyme inhibitors were 91.7%.More than 60%of the strains were resistant to
Quinolone antibiotics.Conclusion:E.coli were the major bacterial pathogen in the urinary infections
in patients over 60years.Clinicians should consider the status of the health of older persons
and choose a reasonable antibiotics to reduce drug resistant strains
[中图分类号]
R352
[基金项目]
收稿日期:2013-07-01;修回日期:2013-08-27
基金项目:内蒙古医科大学附属医院一般课题项目(2010FYYB)
作者简介:张永梅(1977-),女,内蒙古医科大学附属医院检验科检验医师,理学硕士。
通讯作者:高建钢,主任检验师,E-mail:anny5616@163.com内蒙古医科大学附属医院检验科,010050