[关键词]
[摘要]
目的:通过对颅脑术后耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)感染的研究和治疗,我们能更好地对医
院感染进行预防和控制。方法:对2011-01~2012-10神经外科颅脑术后的39例MRSA感染病人进行跟踪调
查并对病原菌耐药情况进行分析。同时将上述资料与医院其它科室同期住院的42例MRSA感染病人的资料
进行对比。结果:神经外科的MRSA感染率为0.96%(均为颅脑术后),明显高于同期其它科室的住院病人MRSA
感染率0.15%。神经外科住院的39例MRSA感染病人中29例为NICU病人,感染率为1.86%,明显高于
神经外科普通病房的MRSA感染率0.62%。感染部位以下呼吸道感染为主(35/39,89.74%)。感染的危险因
素包括气管切开、广谱抗菌药物滥用等。药敏结果显MRSA除对万古霉素、替考拉宁等糖肽类抗菌药物较敏感
外,对其它抗菌药物均具有较强的耐药性。结论:神经外科ICU 是MRSA 感染的高危部门,应加强神经外科
ICU病人MRSA的筛查,加强气管切开等侵入性操作病人的管理,严格环境和物品的消毒处理,严格手卫生,避
免MRSA的院内传播。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective:To provide the basis for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection
produced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:The neurosurgical
inpatients with MRSA infection who were in hospital from Jan,2011to Oct,2012were
investigated.Their data were analyzed and compared to the data of all the inpatients with MRSA
infection who were in the hospital for the corresponding period.Results 39(0.96%)neurosurgical
inpatients suffered from MRSA infection and 63(0.15%)the others.The MRSA infection
rate in the neurosurgery inpatients was significantly higher than that in the others except
the neurosurgical inpatients 29of 39neurosurgical inpatients with MRSA infection were in neurosurgical
ICU(NICU).The rate of MRSA infection in neurosurgical ICU was 1.86%,which
was obviously higher than that(0.62%)in the ordinary neurosurgical ward.The inpatients withlower respiratory tract MRSA infection accounted for the 89.74%(35/39)of the neurosurgical
inpatients with MRSA infection.The risk factors of MRSA infection included tracheotomy,abuse
use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,etc.MRSA was resistant to all the antibiotics except
vancomycin and teicoplanin.Conclusions:There is high risk of the inpatients in NICU being infected
with MRSA.The measures such as the screening of patients with MRSA infection,enhancement
of management of the patients undergoing invasive procedure(for example,tracheotomy),
strict disinfection of environment and medical device,and keeping medical staffs′hands
clean are very important to the preventing MRSA infection.
[中图分类号]
651.1
[基金项目]
收稿日期:2013-06-10;修回日期:2013-09-16
基金项目:内蒙古医学院青年基金(NY2011QN008)
作者简介:王凯(1980-),男,内蒙古医科大学附属医院神经外科医师,医学硕士。