微小RNA( miRNAs) 是一类高度保守的内源性非编码小分子单链RNA，能通过特异性识别靶基因
mRNA，在翻译水平调节基因表达，从而调节细胞分化、生长发育、增殖与凋亡、激素分泌等各种过程。现已经发
现多种miRNA，其中微小RNA － 126( miR－ 126) 主要存在于血管内皮细胞和血小板当中，与血管的生成、发育、
修复功能密切相关，与高血压、冠心病、心力衰竭等心血管疾病密切相关。其中，冠心病即将成为危害全人类健
康的头号致死杀手，其诊断和治疗备受关注。本文就miR－ 126 在冠心病发生发展过程中的作用进行系统综述。

MicroRNAs( miRNAs) are highly conserved class of endogenous small non － coding single
－ stranded RNAs，which regulate gene expression at the translation level by specific identification of
target genes’mRNA，and then regulate the processes of cell differentiation，growth，development，proliferation，
apoptosis and hormone secretion and so on． Now a variety of microRNAs have been found， in
which miR－ 126mainly exists in vascular endothelial cells and platelets，and is closely related to the
generation，development and repair of blood vessels，and related to hypertention，coronary heart disease，
heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases． Among them，coronary heart disease is about to become
the number one health hazard lethal killer of mankind， so the diagnosis and therapy of this disease have
gotten much attention． In this paper， the effect of miR－ 126in the progress of coronary heart disease
was reviewed systematically．

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