目的: 分析B 7－H1 在良恶性甲状腺结节中的表达水平及其在甲状腺癌发生中的作用。方法: 选取
2015－01～ 2017－12 期间在内蒙古医科大学附属医院普外科因甲状腺结节行手术切除治疗病人的临床病例资料
101 例，采用免疫组织化学法检测B 7－H1 在甲状腺结节中的表达水平，统计分析B 7－H1 的表达与病人临床病
理因素的相关性。结果: ( 1) B 7－H1 主要在甲状腺癌中表达( χ2 = 57．27，P＜0．001) 。( 2) B 7－H1 在甲状腺癌中
的表达高于甲状腺腺瘤和结节性甲状腺肿( χ2 = 15．01，P＜0．05) 。( 3) B 7－H1 在恶性甲状腺结节中的表达明显
高于良性甲状腺结节( χ2 = 11．57，P＜0．01) 。( 4) B 7－H1 在甲状腺结节中的表达与病人的性别和年龄无明显相
关性( P＞0．05) 。结论: B 7－H1 的表达与甲状腺癌的发生具有相关性，B7－H1 可为甲状腺癌的免疫治疗提供一
定依据。

Objective: To detect the expression of B7－H1 in benign and malignant thyroid nodule，
and to explore the role of B7－H1 in the occurrence of thyroid cancer． Methods: The expression of B7－
H1 was detected by immunohistochemistry and its relationship with clinical pathological features was
analyzed．Ｒesults: 1．B 7－H1 was predominantly expressed in thyroid cancer( χ2 = 57．27，P＜0．001) ．
2．The positive expression of B7－H1 in thyroid cancer was higher than that in thyroid adenoma and nodular
goiter( χ2 = 15．01，P＜0．05) ．3．The positive expression of B7－H1 in malignant thyroid nodule was
obviously higher than that in benign thyroid nodule( χ2 = 11．57，P＜0．01) ．4．The expression of B7－H1 in
thyroid nodule had no correlation with the sex and age of patients ( P ＞ 0．05 ) ． Conclusion: The
expression of B7－H1 had a correlation withthe occurrence of thyroid cancer，and B7－H1 can provide a
certain basis for immune therapy of thyroid cancer．

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