[摘要]目的：探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术间隔时间对老年急性结石性胆囊炎手术效果的影响。方法：便利抽样法选择2014年1月～2018年6月在我院治疗的老年急性结石性胆囊炎患者186例作为研究对象，按照经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术间隔时间的不同，将患者分为A组、B组、C组各62例，A组的间隔时间?2个月，B组的间隔时间2～4个月，C组的间隔时间﹥4个月，比较分析三组患者手术各指标情况、临床症状改善情况以及并发症发生率。结果：三组手术时间、术中失血量、中转开腹例数及比例、住院时间比较均有统计学意义（F/χ2值分别为7.087、13.736、11.934、111.673，P值分别为0.001、<0.001、0.001、<0.001），且B组的手术时间、术中失血量、住院时间最短，A组的最长，B组的中转开腹例数及比例最少，A组的最多。三组体温恢复时间、休克纠正时间、白细胞恢复时间、凝血功能恢复时间比较均有统计学意义（F值分别为45.463、129.670、145.742、124.634，P值均为<0.001），且B组的时间最，A组的时间最长。B组并发症发生率为6.45%，低于C组的8.06%，低于A组的14.52%，但三组并发症比较无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）。结论：经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术后2～4个月进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术，对老年急性结石性胆囊炎患者的治疗疗效更佳，可改善临床症状，减少术中出血和住院时间以及并发症的发生，可在临床上推广。

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy on the surgical outcome of elderly patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to select 186 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis treated in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2018. According to the interval between percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into group A, group B, and group C, each with 62 cases. The interval between groups A was 2 months, the interval between groups B was 2 to 4 months, and the interval between groups C was > 4 months. The results of various indexes, clinical symptoms and complication rate of the three groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The three groups of operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of cases of conversion and laparotomy, and hospitalization time were statistically significant (F/χ2 values were 7.087, 13.736, 11.934, and 111.673, , and P values were 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, <0.001), and the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time of group B were the shortest, the longest in group A, the lowest in group B and the lowest in group A, and the highest in group A. The three groups of body temperature recovery time, shock correction time, white blood cell recovery time, and coagulation function recovery time were statistically significant (F values were 45.463, 129.670, 145.742, 124.634, P values were <0.001), and the time of group B Most, group A has the longest time. The incidence of complication in group B was 6.45%, which was lower than 8.06% in group C, which was lower than 14.52% in group A, but there was no statistically significant difference in the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed 2 to 4 months after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage. It is more effective in the treatment of elderly patients with acute calculous cholecystitis, which can improve clinical symptoms, reduce intraoperative bleeding and hospitalization time. The occurrence of complications can be promoted clinically.