人体肠道微生物菌群(gut microbiota，GM)在宿主细胞的活动中起着重要的作用。GM早已被发现与炎症性肠病、糖尿病等疾病存在密不可分的关系。近几年，很多研究表明人体肠道微生物菌群与骨骼代谢密切相关。肠道微生物菌群涉及影响骨骼健康的各种机制，例如肠道微生物菌群可以打破骨形成之中成骨细胞和破骨细胞之间的平衡。此外，肠道微生物菌群通过调节钙的吸收、免疫系统以及肠道激素等影响骨代谢，从而影响人体骨骼健康。本文综述肠道微生物菌群与骨代谢疾病相关的研究进展。

The human gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in activities of host cells. GM has been found very early to be inextricably linked to diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and diabetes. In recent years, many studies have shown that GM was closely related to bone metabolism. Gut microbes involve various mechanisms that affect bone health, for instance, gut microbes could break the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone formation. In addition, gut microbes could affect bone metabolism by regulating calcium absorption, immune system and intestinal hormones, accordingly affecting human bone health. This article reviews the research progress of the relationship between GM and bone metabolism diseases.

内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究下项目：NJZZ17106;内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目：2017MS（LH）0828;内蒙古医科大学青年基金：YKD2017QNCX076