目的：浅析内蒙古妇幼保健院146例肺炎住院患儿的主要用药情况调查及药品使用合理性评价。方法：抽取2018年1月至2020年1月间符合儿童肺炎诊断标准的146例住院患儿,回顾性分析其临床资料与用药信息,对其临床用药情况与合理性进行评价。结果： 146例肺炎患儿的临床治疗中共开具用药医嘱395条；其中合理医嘱305条(77.22%),不合理医嘱90条(22.78%)。在入选146例患儿中,140例(95.89%)使用了支气管扩张剂；135例(92.47%)使用了激素；67例(45.89%)使用抗菌药物；118例(80.82%)使用抗病毒药物。接受支气管扩张剂治疗的140例(95.89%)的患儿中单一药物治疗占比39例(27.86%)、

Objective: To analyze the investigation of the main drug use and the rational evaluation of the drug use of 146 children with pneumonia in Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital. Methods: A total of 146 hospitalized children who met the diagnostic criteria for childhood pneumonia between January 2018 and January 2020 were selected, and their clinical data and medication information were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate their clinical medication status and rationality. Results: A total of 395 medical orders were prescribed in the clinical treatment of 146 children with pneumonia. Among them, 305 (77.22%) were reasonable medical orders and 90 (22.78%) were unreasonable medical orders. Of the 146 children selected, 140 (95.89%) used bronchodilators; 135 (92.47%) used hormones; 67 (45.89%) used antibacterial drugs; 118 (80.82%) used antiviral drugs. Among the 140 patients (95.89%) receiving bronchodilators, 39 patients (27.86%) were treated with monotherapy, 91 (65.00%) combined with bronchodilators, and triple bronchodilators [A + B + C (theophylline intravenous infusion)] accounted for 10 cases (7.14%). A total of 135 cases (92.47%) of children received hormone therapy, of which 9 cases (6.67%) were administered intravenously, 31 cases (22.96%) were administered by nebulized inhalation, and the proportion of intravenous administration combined with nebulized inhaled hormone 95 cases (70.37%). There were 67 cases (45.89%) of children treated with antibacterial drugs. 30 cases (44.78%) of the first-generation cephalosporins and 37 cases (55.22%) of the second-generation cephalosporins were used mostly. A total of 118 patients (80.82%) were treated with antiviral drugs. Among them, the interferon atomization inhalation administration rate was the highest (61.02%), followed by antiviral injection use rate in 29 cases (24.58%), and interferon combined with ribavirin atomization inhalation accounted for 17 cases (14.41%). Conclusion: The main reasons for the unreasonable medication of children with pneumonia are unreasonable selection of varieties, unreasonable combination medication, etc. Clinically, it is necessary to strengthen the pre-medical review and reduce the unreasonable medical orders.