膀胱肿瘤早期做膀胱镜检可以诊断和治疗，而上尿路上皮癌（UTUC）在诊断上时大多已经发生了浸润和淋巴结转移，在国内，上尿路上皮癌以手术为主，辅助化疗和新辅助化疗在治疗上尿路上皮癌很少有报道和研究，本文以国外辅助化疗和新辅助化疗在治疗上尿路上皮癌做一综述，为国内的泌尿外科医师在治疗上尿路上皮癌的辅助化疗和新辅助化疗提供经验。

Bladder tumor can be diagnosed and treated by cystoscopy in the early stage, while upper urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in the diagnosis has mostly occurred infiltration and lymph node metastasis, in China, upper urothelial carcinoma is mainly surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of upper urothelial carcinoma rarely reported and studied.