摘要：目的：石膏固定在儿童肱骨髁上骨折术后十分常见，本文提出一种新的石膏固定方法，即“S-P石膏固定法”，并评估其疗效。方法：采用便利抽样法选取2018年10月至2020年10月期间在内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院小儿骨科行手术复位和石膏固定的肱骨髁上骨折患者160例为试验组。回顾性抽取2017年1月至2018年6月在小儿骨科行肱骨髁上骨折手术复位和石膏固定的病历160例为对照组。对两组患儿进行外周神经血管功能障碍、骨筋膜室综合征、石膏过早拆除率、再手术发生率评估及比较。结果： 骨筋膜室综合征、再手术发生率之间的差异有统计学意义。实验组中4例发生运动障碍，4例发生无脉，3例石膏过早拆除；对照组中30例发生运动障碍，12例发生无脉，20例石膏过早拆除，两组之间差异有统计学意义。结论： “S-P石膏固定法”为软组织肿胀提供了更大空间，可明显减少术后石膏并发症的发生，是一种可供选择的石膏固定方法。

Purpose: Plaster fixation is very common after surgery for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. This article proposes a new method of plaster fixation, the "S-P plaster fixation method", and evaluates its efficacy. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to select 160 patients with supracondylar fractures of the humerus who underwent surgical reduction and plaster fixation in the Pediatric Orthopedics Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from October 2018 to October 2020 as the experimental group. A retrospective selection of 160 medical records who underwent surgical reduction and plaster fixation of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in the Department of Pediatric Orthopedics from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the control group. Peripheral neurovascular dysfunction, compartment syndrome, premature removal of plaster, and incidence of reoperation were evaluated and compared between the two groups of children. Results: The difference between the incidence of compartment syndrome and reoperation was statistically significant. In the experimental group, 4 cases had dyskinesia, 4 cases had no pulse, 3 cases had dyskinesia, 3 cases had dyskinesia, 12 cases had no pulse, and 20 cases had premature removal of plaster. There were differences between the two groups. Statistical significance. Conclusion: The "S-P plaster fixation method" provides more space for soft tissue swelling and can significantly reduce the occurrence of postoperative plaster complications. It is an alternative plaster fixation method.