背景 糖尿病前期是指血糖超过正常水平但未达到糖尿病诊断标准，处于此血糖状态人群的糖尿病、心血管等疾病患病风险增高。但也有研究表明经严格自我管理可逆转最终结局。目前针对糖尿病前期人群的自我管理影响因素调查研究较少，且该人群对糖尿病前期相关疾病知识认识不足。 目的 评估糖尿病前期人群对于疾病知识的掌握度、自我管理现状，并分析影响自我管理能力的因素，为糖尿病前期人群早期防治糖尿病提供科学依据。方法 抽取2020年1月至2020年12月在内蒙古医科大学附属医院内分泌门诊就诊和体检中心参检的152例糖尿病前期患者作为研究对象，使用统计软件SPSS24.0进行数据分析，一般情况调查表中的计数资料，使用频数和百分比描述；糖尿病前期患者疾病知识问卷得分、糖尿病前期自我管理量表得分使用x±s描述；使用t检验或单因素方差分析评估一般资料与糖尿病前期自我管理能力的相关性；使用多元线性回归分析糖尿病前期患者自我管理影响因素。以检验水准α=0.05，P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 糖尿病前期患者疾病知识平均分为（7.7±2.20）分，自我管理平均分为（73.06±7.72）分，均处于较低水平。多元线性回归方程F＝5.922，P＜0.001，调整后的R2为0.37。多元线性回归结果显示大于60岁（β＝0.383,P＝0.009）、文化程度为大专学历（β＝3.294,P＝0.001）和本科学历（β＝3.019,P＝0.003）、有糖尿病家族史（β＝0.316,P＜0.001）、有糖尿病健康教育接受史（β＝0.154,P＝0.029）的糖尿病前期患者自我管理得分更高。结论 年龄、文化程度、糖尿病家族史及糖尿病健康教育接受史是糖尿病前期患者自我管理的影响因素。

Background Pre-diabetes refers to the blood glucose exceeding the normal level but not up to the diagnostic criteria of diabetes. The risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in prediabetes population is increased. Some studies have shown that strict self-management can reverse the final outcome. At present, there are few investigation and research on the influencing factors of self-management in the prediabetes population, and the knowledge of prediabetes related diseases is insufficient. Objective In order to evaluate the status of knowledge cognition and self-management of prediabetes and analyze the influencing factors of self-management, and to provide scientific evidence for Primary Diabetes Prevention. Methods From January 2020 to December 2020, 152 prediabetes patients were selected from the Endocrine Clinic and Physical Examination Center of the affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Data analysis using SPSS24.0 software. The counting data in the general situation questionnaire were described by frequency and percentage; the disease knowledge questionnaire of prediabetes patients and the score of prediabetes self-management scale were described x±s; The correlation between general data and prediabetes self-management ability was evaluated by t test or single factor ANOVA. The test level α=0.05, P＜0.05 difference was statistically significant. Results Average score of disease knowledge in prediabetes patients was (7.7±2.20), Average self-management score (73.06±7.72), are at a low level. A multivariate linear regression equation F=5.922, P<0.001, adjusted R2 was 0.37. Multiple linear regressions showed age 60 (β=0.383, P=0.009), college education (β=3.294, P=0.001) and bachelor's degree (β=3.019, P=0.003), family history of diabetes (β=0.316, P<0.001), history of diabetes health education (β=0.154, P=0.029) prediabetes patients had higher self-management scores. Conclusion Age, education level, family history of diabetes and history of diabetes health education are the influencing factors of self-management in prediabetes patients.

内蒙古科技厅(2015kjt)