目的：探讨退役人员咖啡因摄入对夜间睡眠时长的影响。方法：目前仅美国全国健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)提供退役人员公开数据。仅2009-2014年包括尿咖啡因数据,但只有2009-2010年周期数据检测方法一致。因此本研究纳入806名2009-2010年国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)被试,根据是否服过兵役分为退役组(n=221)、未服役组(n=594)。分析美军退役人员与未服役人员尿咖啡因及其主要代谢物含量差异及与夜间睡眠时长的相关性。结果：退役人员目前夜间睡眠时长短于未服役人员且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。退役人员尿1-甲基尿酸(1-MU)和咖啡因含量高于未服役人员且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。退役人员尿1-MU含量与夜间睡眠时长呈负相关(r=-0.226；P=0.001)。多元线性回归分析表明,校正年龄,教育水平,种族和吸烟后,退役人员尿1-MU含量与夜间睡眠时长呈负相关(β=-0.226；P=0.001)。结论：退役人员咖啡因摄入量降低夜间睡眠时长。为我退役军人的睡眠健康提供理论证据和借鉴。

Objective：To explore the effect of caffeine intake on the length of nighttime sleep in retired personnel. Methods: At present, only the national health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) provides public data on retired personnel. Only 2009-2014 included urinary caffeine data, but only 2009-2010 cycle data were assayed consistently . Therefore this study included 806 subjects from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), divided into a retired group (n=221), and a non-commissioned group (n=594) based on whether they had served in the army. Differences in urinary caffeine and its major metabolites and correlations with nighttime sleep duration between US army retired and non-commissioned personnel were analyzed. Results: Current nighttime sleep duration was significantly shorter in retired than in non-commissioned personnel and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Urinary 1-methyluric acid (1-MU) and caffeine levels were higher in retired personnel than in non-commissioned personnel and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Urinary 1-MU levels were negatively correlated with the length of nighttime sleep in retired personnel (r=-0.226；P=0.001).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after correcting for age, education level, race, and smoking, urinary 1-MU levels were negatively associated with nighttime sleep duration in retired personnel (β=-0.226；P=0.001). Conclusion: Caffeine intake of retired personnel reduces the length of sleep at night. To provide theoretical evidence and lessons for the sleep health of my veterans.

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新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2018D01C228)；天山青年计划项目(2017Q007)