目的：探究右美托咪定对创伤大鼠术后早期认知功能的影响。方法：建立手术创伤手术模型，并进行水迷宫实验将界定为术后认知功能障碍（Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction，POCD）的50只大鼠进行随机分组，即生理盐水对照组（对照组）、右美托咪定组（DEX组）。术后3天、7天分别进行Morris水迷宫实验测试大鼠定位航行和空间探索能力，并在药物或生理盐水干预结束后72小时从各组分别随机抓取3只大鼠，取海马组织通过Western blot测定相关蛋白表达情况。结果：术后第3天、第7天DEX组大鼠潜伏期时长较对照组明显降低,平台穿越次数较对照组明显上升，两组间比较有统计学差异（P<0.05）。术后3天，DEX组与对照组比较，IBAI、β-actin蛋白的表达水平明显降低（P<0.05）。结论：右美托咪定可以明显善大鼠术后的认知功能。

Objective To investigate the influsion of dexmedetomidine on early postoperative cognitive function after trauma in rats. Methods The surgical trauma operation model was established, and the Morris Water Maze experiment was conducted to identify POCD in rats, then randomly divided into 2 groups, including the normal saline control group (control group) and the dexmedetomidine group (DEX group). Morris Water Maze experiment was conducted on 3 and 7 days after surgery to test the ability of positioning navigation and space exploration, respectively. At 72 hours after administrating dexmedetomidine or saline, 3 rats were randomly captured from each group, and the expression of related proteins in the hippocampus was measured by Western blot. Results On the 3rd and 7th day after operation, the incubation period of rats in DEX group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the platform crossing times was significantly higher than that in the control group, and there was a statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.05). On the 3rd days after operation, the expression levels of IBAI and β-actin in DEX group were significantly decreased compared with control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly improve postoperative cognitive function in rats.