［摘要］ 目的：比较传统刮治术与开窗联合二期刮治治疗牙源性颌骨囊肿的临床效果。方法：取近3年在我院治疗的牙源性颌骨囊肿120例，按随机原则分为A组和B组，每组60例。A组行传统的囊肿摘除刮治、B组经开窗术后适宜时机行二期刮治治疗。分析A、B两组术中出血量、手术时间、疼痛评分、术后3、6、12月囊肿缩小度及颌骨骨量的恢复情况。结果：术中出血量、手术时间和疼痛评分两组间有显著性差异(P<0.05)，两组在术后3 、6、12个月囊肿体积变小明显，两组比较有显著性差异（P<0.05），且上述各指标B组均优于A组。B组开窗12-18个月间；囊腔缩小度趋于稳定，此时为二期刮治最佳时机。结论：A、B两组术后3-6月囊腔均明显缩小，但B组更为明显。6-12个月仍缩小但较之前变慢，12-18个月趋于稳定，二期刮治，可以迅速缩小囊腔，消除病变及病因，降低复发率。

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes between conventional curettage and fenestration combined with two-stage curettage for odontogenic jaw cysts. Methods: a total of 120 cases of odontogenic jaw cysts treated in our hospital for nearly 3 years were taken and divided into groups A and B with 60 cases in each group, according to the principle of randomization. Group A was treated by conventional enucleation curettage of the cyst, and group B by second-stage curettage at an appropriate time after fenestration. Intraoperative blood loss, operation time, pain scores, cyst shrinkage and bone volume recovery of the jaws at 3, 6, and 12 months after operation were analyzed in A and B. Results: intraoperative blood loss, operating time, and pain scores were significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05), and the cyst volume became smaller and significantly different between the two groups at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery (p < 0.05), and all of the above indexes in group B were superior to those in group A. The degree of cystic cavity reduction tends to stabilize after fenestration in group B between 12-18 months, at which point the optimal timing for second-stage curettage is indicated. Conclusions: the cystic cavity was significantly reduced 3-6 months postoperatively in both groups A and B, although it was more prominent in group B. 6-12 months still shrink but slower than before, 12-18 months tends to be stable, second phase curettage, can rapidly narrow the cystic cavity, eliminate the lesion and the etiology, and reduce the recurrence rate.