目的：研究心力衰竭（简称心衰）蒙医寒证、热证模型的建立方法及其评价。方法：将68只（雌雄各半）Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组（CON）8只，阿霉素心衰模型组（ADR）12只，阿霉素+冰水心衰寒证模型组（ADR+IW）12只，阿霉素+阿魏、肉桂心衰热证模型组（ADR+MY）12只，冰水心衰寒证模型组（IW）12只，阿魏、肉桂心衰热证模型组（MY）12只等6组。ADR组给于腹腔注射盐酸阿霉素针剂；ADR+IW组给予腹腔注射盐酸阿霉素针剂同时，冰水（0℃）灌胃建立心衰寒证模型，ADR+MY组予腹腔注射盐酸阿霉素针剂同时，阿魏+肉桂灌胃建立心衰热证模型，IW组给予冰水（0℃）灌胃建立心衰寒证模型， MY组予阿魏+肉桂灌胃建立心衰热证模型，CON组给予等量生理盐水灌胃，干预6周后做心脏彩超、取材。将心肌组织做苏木精-伊红（HE）染色 、检测血清N末端B型利钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）及心肌酶变化，检测心肌组织钠、钾-三磷酸腺苷酶（Na+-K+-ATP），钙-三磷酸腺苷酶（Ca2+-ATP）活性及琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活性。结果：与CON组比较，5种模型组大鼠体重均显著下降（P<0.01）；与ADR+IW组比较，ADR和ADR+MY组大鼠体重均显著下降（P<0.05）、MY组大鼠体重下降，但无明显差异（P>0.05）；与ADR+MY比较，ADR+IW和IW组大鼠体重均显著增高（P<0.05，P<0.01）；与IW比较，ADR组大鼠体重显著下降（P<0.01）、MY组大鼠体重下降，但无显著差异（P>0.05）。与CON组比较，ADR+IW和IW组大鼠体温显著下降（P<0.01）；ADR+MY和MY组大鼠体温显著升高（P<0.01）；与ADR+IW比较，ADR、ADR+MY及MY组大鼠体温显著升高（P<0.01），与ADR+MY比较，ADR、ADR+IW及IW组大鼠体温显著下降（P<0.01）；与IW比较，ADR和MY组大鼠体温显著升高（P<0.01）。与CON组比较，5个模型组血清NT-proBNP明显升高（P<0.05，P<0.01）；与CON组比较，5个模型组心肌酶各项指标出现不同程度升高；与CON组比较，5个模型组心脏彩超EF%、FS%显著降低（P<0.01），而LVIDs值显著升高（P<0.01），且ADR、ADR+IW及ADR+MY组各值降达到心衰水平。心肌组织HE染色结果示，各模型组大鼠心肌细胞出现不同程度病理变化，其中ADR+IW、ADR+MY大鼠组心肌细胞排列紊乱、丧失正常细胞结构、炎性细胞浸润，出现心肌纤维化，而病变程度依次为： ADR+IW>ADR>ADR+MY，IW和 MY组大鼠只出现心肌细胞排列紊乱。与CON组比较，ADR+MY和MY组大鼠心肌组织Ca2+-ATP和SDH等酶活性均显著升高（P<0.01），而ADR+IW和IW组的显著下降（P<0.01）；与CON组比较，ADR+MY组大鼠心肌组织Na+-K+-ATP酶活性显著升高（P<0.01），而ADR+IW和IW组的显著下降（P<0.01）、MY组的无显著差异（P>0.05）；与ADR+IW比较，ADR、ADR+MY和MY组心肌细胞Na+-K+-ATP、Ca2+-ATP及SDH等酶活性显著升高（P<0.01）；与ADR+MY比较，ADR 、ADR+IW及IW组大鼠心肌细胞Na+-K+-ATP、Ca2+-ATP及SDH等酶活性显著降低（P<0.01），与IW组比较，MY组ATP和SDH酶活性明显降低（P<0.01）。结论：注射盐酸阿霉素的同时给予冰水和阿魏+肉桂能成功建立心衰寒证和热证模型，模型成功模拟心衰寒证、心衰热证的临床症状及病理组织学变化。采取该方法建立的心衰寒证和心衰热证动物模型可行，为本病症的研究提供了准确、客观、有效的动物模型的建立及评价方法。

Abstract: Objective:To study the establishment method and evaluation of the Mongolian medicine cold syndrome and heat syndrome model of heart failure (heart failure for short). Methods: Sixty-eight (half male and half male) Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 normal control group (CON), 12 adriamycin heart failure model group (ADR), and adriamycin + ice water heart failure model group (ADR+IW) 12 animals, adriamycin+feruli, cinnamon heart failure heat syndrome model group (ADR+MY) 12 animals, ice water heart failure cold syndrome model group (IW) 12 animals, awei, cinnamon heart failure The heat syndrome model group (MY) consisted of 12 animals and 6 groups. The ADR group was given intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride; the ADR+IW group was given intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin hydrochloride, and at the same time, ice water (0 ℃) was given by gavage to establish a model of heart failure and cold syndrome, and the ADR+MY group was given intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin hydrochloride. Simultaneously with the injection of fenugreek, the model of heart failure and heat syndrome was established by intragastric administration of fenugreek and cinnamon, the model of heart failure and cold syndrome was established by intragastric administration of ice water (0 ℃) in the IW group, and the model of heart failure and heat syndrome was established by intragastric administration of fenugreek and cinnamon in the MY group. For the model, the CON group was given the same amount of normal saline by gavage, and after 6 weeks of intervention, cardiac color Doppler ultrasound was performed to collect materials. The myocardial tissue was stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), the serum N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP) and myocardial enzyme changes were detected, and the myocardial tissue sodium, potassium-adenosyl triphosphate (Na+-K+- ATP), calcium-adenosyl triphosphate (Ca2+-ATP) activity and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. Results: Compared with the CON group, the body weights of the five model groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01); compared with the ADR+IW group, the body weights of the ADR and ADR+MY groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the body weights of the MY group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Body weight decreased, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05); compared with ADR+MY, the body weight of rats in ADR+IW and IW groups were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01); compared with IW, the body weight of rats in ADR group increased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the body weight of the rats in the MY group decreased, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Compared with CON group, the body temperature of rats in ADR+IW and IW groups decreased significantly (P<0.01); the body temperature of rats in ADR+MY and MY groups increased significantly (P<0.01); compared with ADR+IW, ADR, ADR+ The body temperature of the rats in the MY and MY groups increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with ADR+MY, the body temperature of the rats in the ADR, ADR+IW and IW groups decreased significantly (P<0.01). The body temperature of mice increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with the CON group, the serum NT-proBNP of the five model groups was significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01); compared with the CON group, the myocardial enzymes of the five model groups were increased to varying degrees; compared with the CON group , the EF% and FS% of the heart color Doppler ultrasound in the five model groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the LVIDs values were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the values in the ADR, ADR+IW and ADR+MY groups decreased to the level of heart failure . The results of HE staining of myocardial tissue showed that the myocardial cells in each model group had different degrees of pathological changes. Among them, the myocardial cells in the ADR+IW and ADR+MY rat groups were disordered in arrangement, lost normal cell structure, infiltrated by inflammatory cells, and appeared myocardial fibrosis.and the degree of lesions was as follows: ADR+IW>ADR>ADR+MY, only myocardial cells were disordered in the IW and MY groups. Compared with the CON group, the activities of enzymes such as Ca2+-ATP and SDH in the myocardial tissue of the rats in the ADR+MY and MY groups were significantly increased (P<0.01), while those in the ADR+IW and IW groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01); Compared with the CON group, the myocardial tissue Na+-K+-ATPase activity of the rats in the ADR+MY group was significantly increased (P<0.01), while that in the ADR+IW and IW groups was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in the MY group. (P>0.05); compared with ADR+IW, the activities of Na+-K+-ATP, Ca2+-ATP and SDH in cardiomyocytes in ADR, ADR+MY and MY groups were significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with ADR+MY , ADR, ADR+IW and IW group rat cardiomyocytes Na+-K+-ATP, Ca2+-ATP and SDH enzyme activities were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with IW group, MY group ATP and SDH enzyme activities were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride and simultaneous administration of ice water and asafoetida + cinnamon can successfully establish the models of cold syndrome and heat syndrome of heart failure. The animal models of heart failure with cold syndrome and heart failure with heat syndrome established by this method are feasible, and provide an accurate, objective and effective method for establishing and evaluating animal models for the study of this disease. [Keywords］ Heart failure cold syndrome and heat syndrome; animal model; establishment method and evaluation; experimental research

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内蒙古自然科学(2020MS08050)；内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2018MS08083）内蒙古医科大学蒙药学“一流学科”蒙药专业研究生科研能力提升项目(Myxylxkky2020-24)；内蒙古卫生健康科技计划项目(202201210)；内蒙古医科大学科技百万工程项目(YKD2018KJBW028)第一作者：李花,1974年生,女,蒙古族,通辽市,副教授,硕士,在读博士研究生,从事蒙医基础理论研究,E-mail: 907806792@qq.com；Tel：13664818602通信作者：孟永梅,1978年出生,女,蒙古族,通辽市,教授,博士,博士生导师,从事蒙医基础理论研究、蒙药学研究,Tel：13948910619,E-mail: 794436526@qq.com。 ,苏日古格¹,包泽阳¹,乌日汉¹,乌日柴胡¹,李芙蓉¹,孟永梅^*