摘要： 维生素D(Vitmin D, VD) 也被称为骨化醇，是一种脂溶性固醇类衍生物，也属于一种类固醇激素[1]。维生素D受体（vitamin D receptor,VDR）是一种亲核蛋白，是介导VD的活性代谢产物1,25(OH)D 发挥生物效应的核内生物大分子，在调节机体钙磷代谢、组织细胞损伤修复、氧化应激、炎症反应、免疫系统的调节和其他生物过程中发挥着重要作用[2]。近年来，VDR基因的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）与疾病之间的关联已成为一个热门话题，本文回顾了VDR基因多态性与常见儿童疾病的相关性，对现有的研究结果做一综述。

Vitamin D (VD), also known as osteopontin, is a fat-soluble steroid derivative and a steroid hormone. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nucleophilic protein, which is a nuclear biological macromolecule that mediates the biological effect of 1,25 (OH) D, the active metabolite of VD. It plays an important role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism, tissue and cell damage repair, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, immune system regulation and other biological processes.In recent years, the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of VDR genes and diseases has become a hot topic. In this paper, we review the relevance of VDR gene polymorphisms to common childhood diseases and present a review of the available findings.